【爱马斯全球】以劳保用品之名,强调安全生产

  Ensuring workplace safety is no easy task, especially in industrial environments with the potential for many hazards. Depending on the industry, workplaces have risks of slips, falls, dangerous equipment and machinery or toxic chemicals. Even though establishing a safe workplace is a complicated undertaking, providing the right safety equipment is less expensive than coping with injuries in the long run.

  保障工作环境的安全并不是件容易的事情,特别是在拥有各种潜在风险的工业环境中。在工业行业,工作场合可能引发滑到,摔跤,机械设备的危险或有毒化学物质。尽管建立起一个安全的工作环境是项艰巨的任务。但是,从长远上来讲,准备好合适的安全装备要比处理工伤划算的多。

  The costs of an unsafe workplace

  为不安全的工作环境所付出的成本

  Providing personal protective equipment may be costly, especially for organizations that have large staffs. The U.S. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) have strict standards for workplace safety, and violations quickly add up. These are the different types of OSHA violations and the costs for each:

  准备好个人防护装置可能花费不少,尤其是那些有许多员工的组织。健康与安全管理局(OSHA)为确保工作场所的安全制定了严格的标准,违规行为随之突显出来。以下是OSHA为不同的违规行为制定的不同处罚费用:

  Serious: OSHA issues serious violations when an employee suffers a severe injury or dies on the job. Typically, these violations occur when the employer reasonably could have known about the risk. OSHA may issue mandatory penalties of up to $7,000 for each serious violation.

  严重违规:OSHA规定,当员工在工作时遭受严重的伤害或死亡的,属于严重违规。尤其是在雇主应该知道风险存在的情况下还发生的违规行为。OSHA会对每一种严重违规的行为处以7000美元的强制性处罚。

  Other than serious: This type of violation stems from hazards that have a direct relationship to workplace safety and health but probably do not have the ability to cause a serious injury or death. Other-than-serious violations come with a $7,000 discretionary fine.

  非严重情况的违规:这种违规行为是直接因工作场合的安全卫生问题导致,但还不足以导致严重的伤害或死亡的,这会处以7000美元的罚款。

  Willful: Willful violations are when employers know they are in violation of OSHA’s standards. Companies know there are hazards but do nothing to fix the situation. Fines range from $5,000 to $70,000 for each violation. In addition, if a willful violation caused a death, employers may be subject to court-imposed fines or even imprisonment. Criminal convictions may result in a $250,000 fine for an individual or a $500,000 penalty for an organization.

  蓄意违规:是指雇主知道OSHA的标准,公司层面清楚这些危险,但没有采取任何补救措施。每一种违规行为的罚款范围是5000~7000美元。另外,如果这种有意的行为导致了死亡,雇主会被告上法庭甚至被监禁。这种犯罪行为会对个人处以250,000美元的罚款,对公司处以500,000美元的罚款。

  Repeat: After OSHA cites companies for any of the above violations, failure to fix the issue may result in a repeat violation. In addition, employers may be cited for similar hazards, not just the same problem. These violations cost up to $70,000 per citation.

  重复违规:在OSHA指出了以上的违规行为后,公司还没有进行整改,并且重复违规。另外,雇主被之处有相似的危险行为,而不仅仅是同一个问题的,每一个违规行为将被处以70,000美元的罚款。

  “Rather than pay for violations, employers should take the steps to enable a safer workplace, including providing PPE.”

  相比较于罚款,雇员更倾向于提供更安全的工作环境,包括个人防护装备。

  Clearly, the costs for noncompliance are steep. The costs of criminal convictions for willful violations have the potential to put companies out of business. Rather than pay for violations, employers should take the steps to enable a safer workplace, including providing PPE.

  这已很明朗,违规会造成很高的成本。对于蓄意违规的刑事定罪很有可能让企业破产。雇主们应该采取措施保证工作场合的安全,包括提供个人防护装备,而不是违规罚款。

  PPE guards against chemical burns, which carry hefty fines from OSHA. Safety News Alert reported on two companies that received OSHA fines for chemical hazards, totaling $40,500 and $50,785 respectively. The company with the larger fine failed to utilize the appropriate PPE. Chemical burns cause serious injuries that may also require workers compensation. Providing aprons, sleeves, bouffant caps and other PPE reduces the risk of these workplace hazards and other threats.

  据OSHA的条款,化学燃烧会引发巨额罚款,而PPE能够阻止化学燃烧。《安全新闻快讯》报道了OSHA分别对两家公司就化学伤害事件作出了40,500和50,785美元的罚款。罚款金额较大的公司是因为没有提供合适的劳保用品。化学燃烧会引发严重的伤害也需要工人抚恤金。为员工提供围裙、袖套、防护帽和其他的劳保用品能够减少职业危害和威胁的发生。

  Selecting PPE to reduce exposure to workplace hazards

  选择劳保用品为了减少职业危害

  PPE minimizes exposure to chemicals, radiation, electricity, machinery and other workplace hazards. PPE includes gloves, safety glasses, face masks, coveralls, hair nets, bouffant covers, shoe covers and sleeves. All PPE should fit well and be comfortable to wear for work, which will encourage its use. Poorly fitted PPE may lead to workplace injuries or illnesses because an employee could be exposed to dangerous conditions.

  劳保用品减少了化学试剂、辐射、电力、机械及其他职业危害。劳保用品包含手套,安全眼镜,口罩,工作套装,发网,安全帽,鞋套和袖套。所有的劳保用品都应该合身,穿着舒适,这样也能促进被使用。

  If PPE is being used, employers need to establish a program to ensure compliance. Simply providing the equipment will not necessarily guarantee employees will use it on their own. A strong PPE program addresses the existing workplace hazards and trains employees on when PPE is necessary, what types they need to use, how to properly don and doff it and the lifespan of each piece of equipment. It is also important to discuss the limitations of PPE so employees are more aware in the workplace.

  若劳保用品已经被使用,雇主们还需要拟建制度以确保遵守。仅仅提供装备不足以监督雇员们自主自发地使用。一套完善的劳保用品使用规范会明确指出哪些地方会出现职业危害,并且能够教会雇员们怎么使用:该用什么类型的防护装备,怎样合理的穿戴以及每件设备的使用寿命。在规范中指出劳保用品的局限性也很重要,这样,雇员们会对职业危害更加警觉。


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